本文介绍Varnish服务器的安装配置过程，希望对于Varnish入门者给与帮助。更多Varnish资源请本站内搜索。
# yum install automake autoconf libtool ncurses-devel libxslt groff pcre-devel pkgconfig -y
# wget http://repo.varnish-cache.org/source/varnish-3.0.2.tar.gz
# tar -zxvf varnish-3.0.2.tar.gz
# cd varnish-3.0.2
# sh autogen.sh
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/varnish-3.0.2
# make
# make check
# make install
# ln -s /usr/local/varnish-3.0.2 /usr/local/varnish
# vi /etc/profile
增加：
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/varnish/bin
安装完成。
设置工作目录
# groupadd varnish
# useradd -g varnish -d /usr/local/varnish/var/varnish -s /sbin/nologin varnish
# passwd -l varnish
# mkdir /home/varnish
# chown -R varnish:varnish /home/varnish
# mkdir -p /home/log/varnish
# chown -R varnish /home/log/varnish
配置文件
# vi /usr/local/varnish/etc/varnish/varnish.vcl
director letaowwwserver random {
{ .backend = { .host = "192.168.100.108"; .port = "http"; .probe = { .url = "/heartbeat.aspx"; .timeout = 500 ms; .interval = 1s; .window = 5; .threshold = 3; }} .weight = 1; }
{ .backend = { .host = "192.168.100.104"; .port = "http"; .probe = { .url = "/heartbeat.aspx"; .timeout = 500 ms; .interval = 1s; .window = 5; .threshold = 3; }} .weight = 1; }
{ .backend = { .host = "192.168.100.105"; .port = "http"; .probe = { .url = "/heartbeat.aspx"; .timeout = 500 ms; .interval = 1s; .window = 5; .threshold = 3; }} .weight = 1; }
{ .backend = { .host = "192.168.100.109"; .port = "http"; .probe = { .url = "/heartbeat.aspx"; .timeout = 500 ms; .interval = 1s; .window = 5; .threshold = 3; }} .weight = 1; }
{ .backend = { .host = "192.168.100.110"; .port = "http"; .probe = { .url = "/heartbeat.aspx"; .timeout = 500 ms; .interval = 1s; .window = 5; .threshold = 3; }} .weight = 1; }
}
backend letaotestserver {
.host = "192.168.100.119";
.port = "80";
}
sub vcl_recv {
if (req.request != "GET" && req.request != "HEAD") {
error 405 req.url;
}
if (req.http.Accept-Encoding) {
if (req.url ~"(?i).(jpg|png|gif|gz|tgz|bz2|tbz|mp3|ipa|sisx|apk)$") {
# No point in compressing these
remove req.http.Accept-Encoding;
} elsif (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "gzip") {
set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "gzip";
} elsif (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "deflate") {
set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "deflate";
} else {
# unkown algorithm
remove req.http.Accept-Encoding;
}
}
set req.http.host = "www.letao.com";
if (req.url ~"(?i).*/letaozu/.*.(css|jpg|jpeg|gif|png|js|swf|apk|ipa|sisx)" || req.url ~"(?i).*/images/.*.(css|jpg|jpeg|gif|png|js|swf|apk|ipa|sisx)" ) {
set req.backend = letaotestserver;
remove req.http.cookie;
return(lookup);
} elsif (req.url ~"(?i).(css|jpg|jpeg|gif|png|js|swf|apk|ipa|sisx)") {
set req.backend = letaowwwserver;
remove req.http.cookie;
return(lookup);
}
else {
error 405 req.url;
}
}
sub vcl_fetch{
if(beresp.status >= 400 && beresp.status <= 500)
{
set beresp.ttl = 900s;
}
else if(beresp.ttl > 0s){
remove beresp.http.set-cookie;
unset beresp.http.Server;
unset beresp.http.X-Powered-By;
set beresp.http.cache-control = "max-age = 86400000";
set beresp.ttl = 100d;
set beresp.http.Expires = "Thu, 23 Jan 2020 17:18:52 GMT";
set beresp.http.magicmarker = "2";
}
}
sub vcl_deliver{
if(resp.http.magicmarker){
set resp.http.age = "0";
unset resp.http.Etag;
unset resp.http.Varnish_Server;
unset resp.http.X-Varnish;
unset resp.http.Via;
}
}
sub vcl_hit {
if (req.request == "PURGE") {
set obj.ttl = 0s;
error 200 "Purged.";
}
}
sub vcl_miss {
if (req.request == "PURGE") {
error 404 "Not in cache.";
}
}
优化linux内核：
# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 300
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 5000 65000
# sysctl -p
启动varnish测试：
/usr/local/varnish/sbin/varnishd -P /var/run/varnish.pid -a :80 -T 127.0.0.1:6082 -n /home/varnish -f /usr/local/varnish/etc/varnish/varnish.vcl -u varnish -g varnish -s file,/home/varnish/varnish_storage.bin,10G -t 8640000 -p lru_interval=20 -h classic,500009 -p thread_pools=4
记录日志：
/usr/local/varnish/bin/varnishncsa -n /home/varnish -w /home/log/varnish/varnish.log &
查看统计：
varnishstat -n /home/varnish
开放防火墙：
# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
清除缓存：
/usr/local/varnish/bin/varnishadm -T 0:6082 ban.url /test.html$
设置启动脚本：
# cp /root/varnish-3.0.2/redhat/varnish_reload_vcl /usr/local/varnish/bin/
# vi /usr/local/varnish/bin/varnish_reload_vcl
在. /etc/sysconfig/varnish下面增加：
. /etc/profile
然后
# cp /root/varnish-3.0.2/redhat/varnish.sysconfig /etc/sysconfig/varnish
# vi /root/varnish-3.0.2/redhat/varnish.initrc
#! /bin/sh
#
# varnish Control the Varnish Cache
#
# chkconfig: - 90 10
# description: Varnish is a high-perfomance HTTP accelerator
# processname: varnishd
# config: /etc/sysconfig/varnish
# pidfile: /var/run/varnishd.pid
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: varnish
# Required-Start: $network $local_fs $remote_fs
# Required-Stop: $network $local_fs $remote_fs
# Default-Start:
# Default-Stop:
# Should-Start: $syslog
# Short-Description: start and stop varnishd
# Description: Varnish is a high-perfomance HTTP accelerator
### END INIT INFO
# Source function library.
. /etc/init.d/functions
retval=0
pidfile=/var/run/varnish.pid
#exec="/usr/sbin/varnishd"
exec="/usr/local/varnish/sbin/varnishd"
#reload_exec="/usr/bin/varnish_reload_vcl"
reload_exec="/usr/local/varnish/bin/varnish_reload_vcl"
prog="varnishd"
config="/etc/sysconfig/varnish"
lockfile="/var/lock/subsys/varnish"
# Include varnish defaults
[ -e /etc/sysconfig/varnish ] && . /etc/sysconfig/varnish
start() {
if [ ! -x $exec ]
then
echo $exec not found
exit 5
fi
if [ ! -f $config ]
then
echo $config not found
exit 6
fi
echo -n "Starting Varnish Cache: "
# Open files (usually 1024, which is way too small for varnish)
ulimit -n ${NFILES:-131072}
# Varnish wants to lock shared memory log in memory.
ulimit -l ${MEMLOCK:-82000}
# $DAEMON_OPTS is set in /etc/sysconfig/varnish. At least, one
# has to set up a backend, or /tmp will be used, which is a bad idea.
if [ "$DAEMON_OPTS" = "" ]; then
echo "$DAEMON_OPTS empty."
echo -n "Please put configuration options in $config"
return 6
else
# Varnish always gives output on STDOUT
daemon --pidfile $pidfile $exec -P $pidfile "$DAEMON_OPTS" > /dev/null 2>&1
retval=$?
if [ $retval -eq 0 ]
then
touch $lockfile
echo_success
echo
else
echo_failure
echo
fi
return $retval
fi
}
stop() {
echo -n "Stopping Varnish Cache: "
killproc -p $pidfile $prog
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
stop
start
}
reload() {
if [ "$RELOAD_VCL" = "1" ]
then
$reload_exec
else
force_reload
fi
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
rh_status() {
status -p $pidfile $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
configtest() {
if [ -f "$VARNISH_VCL_CONF" ]; then
$exec -f "$VARNISH_VCL_CONF" -C -n /tmp > /dev/null && echo "Syntax ok"
else
echo "VARNISH_VCL_CONF is unset or does not point to a file"
fi
}
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
restart
;;
configtest)
configtest
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload}"
exit 2
esac
exit $?
# cp /root/varnish-3.0.2/redhat/varnish.initrc /etc/init.d/varnish
# chkconfig --add varnish
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/varnish
# chkconfig varnish on
设置启动参数配置文件
# vi /etc/sysconfig/varnish
# Configuration file for varnish
#
# /etc/init.d/varnish expects the variable $DAEMON_OPTS to be set from this
# shell script fragment.
#
# Maximum number of open files (for ulimit -n)
NFILES=131072
# Locked shared memory (for ulimit -l)
# Default log size is 82MB + header
MEMLOCK=82000
# Maximum size of corefile (for ulimit -c). Default in Fedora is 0
# DAEMON_COREFILE_LIMIT="unlimited"
# Set this to 1 to make init script reload try to switch vcl without restart.
# To make this work, you need to set the following variables
# explicit: VARNISH_VCL_CONF, VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_ADDRESS,
# VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_PORT, VARNISH_SECRET_FILE, or in short,
# use Alternative 3, Advanced configuration, below
RELOAD_VCL=1
# This file contains 4 alternatives, please use only one.
## Alternative 1, Minimal configuration, no VCL
#
# Listen on port 6081, administration on localhost:6082, and forward to
# content server on localhost:8080. Use a fixed-size cache file.
#
#DAEMON_OPTS="-a :6081
# -T localhost:6082
# -b localhost:8080
# -u varnish -g varnish
# -s file,/var/lib/varnish/varnish_storage.bin,1G"
## Alternative 2, Configuration with VCL
#
# Listen on port 6081, administration on localhost:6082, and forward to
# one content server selected by the vcl file, based on the request. Use a
# fixed-size cache file.
#
#DAEMON_OPTS="-a :6081
# -T localhost:6082
# -f /etc/varnish/default.vcl
# -u varnish -g varnish
# -S /etc/varnish/secret
# -s file,/var/lib/varnish/varnish_storage.bin,1G"
## Alternative 3, Advanced configuration
#
# See varnishd(1) for more information.
#
# # Main configuration file. You probably want to change it :)
#VARNISH_VCL_CONF=/etc/varnish/default.vcl
VARNISH_VCL_CONF=/usr/local/varnish/etc/varnish/varnish.vcl
#
# # Default address and port to bind to
# # Blank address means all IPv4 and IPv6 interfaces, otherwise specify
# # a host name, an IPv4 dotted quad, or an IPv6 address in brackets.
# VARNISH_LISTEN_ADDRESS=
#VARNISH_LISTEN_PORT=6081
VARNISH_LISTEN_PORT=80
#
# # Telnet admin interface listen address and port
VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_ADDRESS=127.0.0.1
VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_PORT=6082
#
# # Shared secret file for admin interface
#VARNISH_SECRET_FILE=/etc/varnish/secret
#
# # The minimum number of worker threads to start
#VARNISH_MIN_THREADS=1
#
# # The Maximum number of worker threads to start
#VARNISH_MAX_THREADS=1000
#
# # Idle timeout for worker threads
#VARNISH_THREAD_TIMEOUT=120
#
# # Cache file location
#VARNISH_STORAGE_FILE=/var/lib/varnish/varnish_storage.bin
VARNISH_STORAGE_FILE=/home/varnish/varnish_storage.bin
#
# # Cache file size: in bytes, optionally using k / M / G / T suffix,
# # or in percentage of available disk space using the % suffix.
#VARNISH_STORAGE_SIZE=1G
VARNISH_STORAGE_SIZE=10G
#
# # Backend storage specification
VARNISH_STORAGE="file,${VARNISH_STORAGE_FILE},${VARNISH_STORAGE_SIZE}"
#
# # Default TTL used when the backend does not specify one
#VARNISH_TTL=120
VARNISH_TTL=8640000
#
# # DAEMON_OPTS is used by the init script. If you add or remove options, make
# # sure you update this section, too.
DAEMON_OPTS="-a ${VARNISH_LISTEN_ADDRESS}:${VARNISH_LISTEN_PORT}
-f ${VARNISH_VCL_CONF}
-T ${VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_ADDRESS}:${VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_PORT}
-t ${VARNISH_TTL}
-u varnish -g varnish
-s ${VARNISH_STORAGE} -n /home/varnish -p lru_interval=20 -h classic,500009 -p thread_pools=4"
# -S ${VARNISH_SECRET_FILE}
# -w ${VARNISH_MIN_THREADS},${VARNISH_MAX_THREADS},${VARNISH_THREAD_TIMEOUT}
#
## Alternative 4, Do It Yourself. See varnishd(1) for more information.
#
# DAEMON_OPTS=""
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