增加 Nginx 虚拟主机
这里假设大家的 Nginx 服务器已经安装好, 不懂的请阅读各 Linux 发行版的官方文档或者 LNMP 的安装说明. 配置 Virtual host 步骤如下:
1. 进入 /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost 目录, 创建虚拟主机配置文件 www.server110.com.conf ({域名}.conf).
打开配置文件, 添加服务如下:
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.server110.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /var/www/www_server110_com;
log_format www.server110.com '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] $request'
'$status $body_bytes_sent $http_referer '
'$http_user_agent $http_x_forwarded_for';
access_log /var/log/www.server110.com.log www.server110.com;
}
打开 Nginx 配置文件 /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf, 在 http 范围引入虚拟主机配置文件如下:
include vhost/*.conf;
重启 Nginx 服务, 执行以下语句.
service nginx restart
让 Nginx 虚拟主机支持 PHP
在前面第 2 步的虚拟主机服务对应的目录加入对 PHP 的支持, 这里使用的是 FastCGI, 修改如下.
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.server110.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /var/www/www_server110_com;
location ~ .*.(php|php5)?$ {
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fcgi.conf;
}
log_format www.server110.com '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] $request'
'$status $body_bytes_sent $http_referer '
'$http_user_agent $http_x_forwarded_for';
access_log /var/log/www.server110.com.log www.server110.com;
}
图片防盗链
图片作为重要的耗流量大的静态资源, 可能网站主并不希望其他网站直接引用, Nginx 可以通过 referer 来防止外站盗链图片.
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.server110.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /var/www/www_server110_com;
# 这里为图片添加为期 1 年的过期时间, 并且禁止 Google, 百度和本站之外的网站引用图片
location ~ .*.(ico|jpg|jpeg|png|gif)$ {
expires 1y;
valid_referers none blocked www.server110.com *.google.com *.baidu.com;
if ($invalid_referer) {
return 404;
}
}
log_format www.server110.com '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] $request'
'$status $body_bytes_sent $http_referer '
'$http_user_agent $http_x_forwarded_for';
access_log /var/log/www.server110.com.log www.server110.com;
}
WordPress 伪静态配置
如果将 WordPress 的链接结构设定为 /%postname%/, /%postname%.html 等格式时, 需要 rewrite URL, WordPress 提供 Apache 的 .htaccess 修改建议, 但没告知 Nginx 该如何修改. 我们可以将 WordPress 的虚拟主机配置修改如下:
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.server110.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /var/www/www_server110_com;
location / {
if (-f $request_filename/index.html){
rewrite (.*) $1/index.html break;
}
if (-f $request_filename/index.php){
rewrite (.*) $1/index.php;
}
if (!-f $request_filename){
rewrite (.*) /index.php;
}
}
rewrite /wp-admin$ $scheme://$host$uri/ permanent;
location ~ .*.(php|php5)?$ {
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fcgi.conf;
}
log_format www.server110.com '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] $request'
'$status $body_bytes_sent $http_referer '
'$http_user_agent $http_x_forwarded_for';
access_log /var/log/www.server110.com.log www.server110.com;
}
LNMP 套件在提供了 WordPress 为静态配置文件 /usr/local/nginx/conf/wordpress.conf, 在虚拟主机配置的 server 范围引用如下即可.
include wordpress.conf;
如果你使用 LNMP 套件, 进入 WordPress 后台发现会出现 404 页面, wp-admin 后面缺少了斜杆 /, 请在 wordpress.conf 最后添加以下语句:
rewrite /wp-admin$ $scheme://$host$uri/ permanent;
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