告诉你Ubuntu下wpa_supplicant使用的方法及命令

目的：

远端（php）控制网络设置（命令行shell）。

而Network Manager会影响wpa_supplicant,所以需要卸载。

使用平台

Ubuntu 10.04 LTS

GNU/Linux i686 2.6.32-24-generic

调用的资源

a)       显示网络状态

/sbin/ifconfig

Cat /etc/resolv.conf

/sbin/route –n

b)       显示无线信号

/sbin/iwlist wlan0 scan

c)       写入地址信息

ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.101 netmask 255.255.255.0

route add default gw 192.168.1.1

echo "nameserver 192.168.1.1 n nameserver192.168.1.1" > /etc/resolv.conf

/etc/init.d/networking restart

d)       写入无线的用户名和密码

把用户名密码写入到/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf

使用前配置：

a)       卸载Network Manager：
apt-get remove NetworkManager

b)       拷贝wpa.sh到/etc/wpa.sh

#!/bin/bash
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          wpa
# Required-Start:    $network $syslog $local_fs
# Required-Stop:     $network $syslog $local_fs
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: Start/stop script for wpa supplicant
# Description:       Custom start/stop script for wpa_supplicant.
### END INIT INFO

SELF=`basename $0`
WPA=wpa_supplicant
PROGRAM=/sbin/${WPA}
CONF=/etc/${WPA}.conf
INTERFACE=wlan0
DRIVER=wext
DAEMONMODE="-B"
LOGFILE=/var/log/$WPA.log

function start() {

# TODO: Support multiple interfaces and drivers
OPTIONS="-c $CONF -i $INTERFACE -D $DRIVER $DAEMONMODE"

## You can remove this if you are running 8.10 and up.
# Ubuntu 8.10 and up doesn't need the -w anymore..
# And the logfile option is not valid on 8.04 and lower
local ver=$(lsb_release -sr | sed -e 's/.//g');
[ $ver -lt 810 ] && OPTIONS="$OPTIONS -w" && LOGFILE=""
##

# Log to a file
[ -n "$LOGFILE" ] && OPTIONS="$OPTIONS -f $LOGFILE"

echo " * Starting wpa supplicant"
eval $PROGRAM $OPTIONS
}

function stop() {
echo " * Stopping wpa supplicant"
pkill $PROGRAM
}

function debug() {
stop
DAEMONMODE="-ddd"
start
}

function restart() {
stop
start
}

function status() {
pgrep -lf $PROGRAM
}

function usage() {
echo "Usage: $SELF <start|stop|status|debug>"
return 2
}

case $1 in
start|stop|debug|status) $1 ;;
*) usage ;;
esac

c)       新建配置相关文件/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf

ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant
ctrl_interface_group=0
eapol_version=2
ap_scan=1
fast_reauth=1
country=NL

network={
ssid="duoleyuan"
psk="xxx"
scan_ssid=1
}

d)       修改/etc/network/interfaces

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
pre-up /etc/wpa.sh start
post-down /etc/wpa.sh stop

/etc/init.d/networking restart

重启网卡报错

Failed to bring up wlan0

发现重启网络时，wpa还没有关闭，所以起不来。

/etc/init.d/networking stop

sleep 5

/etc/init.d/networking start

问题暂时解决

权限问题：

chmod u+s /sbin/iwlist

chmod u+s /sbin/route

chmod u+s /sbin/ifconfig

太多了，害怕列举不玩。并且可能有安全问题。

针对www-data用户，sudo免输密码

visudo

www-data ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: NOPASSWD: ALL 

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