2015-02-06 00:00:00
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Ubuntu
UCloner (原名 Ubuntu-cloner ) 是针对 Ubuntu编写的一个系统备份、恢复、克隆工具,使用UCloner可以将 ubuntu 系统备份为 squashfs 映像文件,也可从映像文件中恢复系统。具体方法如下: 备份: UCloner 备份时可以使用图形界面或命令行,这里介绍图形界面

UCloner (原名 Ubuntu-cloner ) 是针对 Ubuntu编写的一个系统备份、恢复、克隆工具,使用UCloner可以将 ubuntu 系统备份为 squashfs 映像文件,也可从映像文件中恢复系统。具体方法如下:

备份:

UCloner 备份时可以使用图形界面或命令行,这里介绍图形界面,下载UCloner后解压,双击UCloner_CN文件,要求管理员密码。

备份前用清理工具先清理缓存和无效的配置相关文件,备份时软件会首先剔除一些常用的挂载点文件夹,还可以手动增加需要排除的文件夹,建议将常用的比如说存放电影,文档的文件夹排除,(或者将这些文件夹单独存放到移动硬盘里进行备份)这里由软件自动选取的文件或文件夹是不可以取消的。比如说我手动排除了用户文件夹里的软件,文档等文件夹,但是没有排除各种软件的配置相关文件夹(就是文件夹名前有“.”的,在用户文件夹里按Ctrl+h就可以看到),这样恢复时软件设置仍然不变,而文档存到移动硬盘里备份使用时也更方便些。

全部选定后可以用“估算体积”功能先估算squashfs文件大小,点击开始备份,我遇到的一个问题是squashfs文件体积会膨胀,当前不知原因,我估算体积位23.3G但实际备份达到了54.5G,大概半个小时时间,看个人的情况。

恢复:

使用UCloner必须要将备份文件放到另一块硬盘里,一般使用移动硬盘,然后是一个Live CD或usb启动盘,最好是与源系统同版本的,比如ubuntu10.04.2 64位版,否则根据软件说明的会出现不可知问题。将UCloner放到U盘中,由u盘启动,使用图形界面,各种参数介绍非常详细。

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/Desktop/UCloner-10.10.1/program$ sudo ./ucloner_cmd.py mode=restore lang=cn restore_from=/media/移动硬盘/备份文件夹/2011-04-07_部分备份2.squashfs /=/dev/sda2 /_fs=ext4 /home=/dev/sda6 /home_fs=current /boot=/dev/sda1 /boot_fs=ext4 /usr=/dev/sda5 /usr_fs=ext4 grubdev=/dev/sda swap=/dev/sda7

/tmp/UCloner-source has been made.

/media/移动硬盘/备份文件夹/2011-04-07_部分备份2.squashfs has been mounted to /tmp/UCloner-source.

/dev/sda2 will be formated as ext4 (All data in it will be destroyed!) and mounted to /
/dev/sda1 will be formated as ext4 (All data in it will be destroyed!) and mounted to /boot
/dev/sda6 will use current filesystem, and be mounted to /home
/dev/sda5 will be formated as ext4 (All data in it will be destroyed!) and mounted to /usr
/dev/sda7 will be used as swap (All data in it will be destroyed!)
Grub2 will be installed to /dev/sda

continue ? (y|n)
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var/lib/gconf/defaults/%gconf-tree-mk.xml
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var/lib/gdm/.gconf/apps/gdm/simple-greeter/%gconf.xml
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var/lib/hp/
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var/lib/libreoffice/share/
var/lib/libreoffice/share/prereg/
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var/lib/libuuid/
var/lib/libxml-sax-perl/
var/lib/libxml-sax-perl/ParserDetails.d/
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var/lib/libxml-sax-perl/ParserDetails.d/50-XML::LibXML::SAX
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var/lib/misc/
var/lib/misc/dnsmasq.leases
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var/lib/mlocate/
var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db
var/lib/mplayer/
var/lib/mplayer/prefs/
var/lib/mplayer/prefs/MD5SUMS
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var/lib/mplayer/prefs/mirrors
var/lib/msttcorefonts/
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var/lib/ntpdate/
var/lib/ocaml/
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var/lib/ocaml/lintian/ocaml-nox.info
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var/lib/ocaml/md5sums/
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var/lib/ocaml/md5sums/ocaml-nox.md5sums
var/lib/ocaml/md5sums/ocaml.md5sums
var/lib/os-prober/
var/lib/pam/
var/lib/pam/account
var/lib/pam/auth
var/lib/pam/password
var/lib/pam/seen
var/lib/pam/session
var/lib/pam/session-noninteractive
var/lib/plymouth/
var/lib/plymouth/boot-duration
var/lib/polkit-1/
var/lib/polkit-1/localauthority/
var/lib/polkit-1/localauthority/10-vendor.d/
var/lib/polkit-1/localauthority/10-vendor.d/com.ubuntu.desktop.pkla
var/lib/polkit-1/localauthority/20-org.d/
var/lib/polkit-1/localauthority/30-site.d/
var/lib/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/
var/lib/polkit-1/localauthority/90-mandatory.d/
var/lib/pulseaudio/
var/lib/pycentral/
var/lib/pycentral/pkgremove
var/lib/samba/
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var/lib/security/classpath.security
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var/lib/synaptic/
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var/log/dmesg.4.gz
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var/log/faillog
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var/log/mail.info
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var/log/mail.warn
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var/log/ConsoleKit/history.1
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var/log/apt/history.log
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var/log/cups/error_log
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var/log/cups/error_log.2.gz
var/log/cups/error_log.3.gz
var/log/cups/error_log.4.gz
var/log/cups/error_log.5.gz
var/log/cups/error_log.6.gz
var/log/cups/error_log.7.gz
var/log/dist-upgrade/
var/log/fsck/
var/log/fsck/checkfs
var/log/fsck/checkroot
var/log/gdm/
var/log/gdm/:0-greeter.log
var/log/gdm/:0-slave.log
var/log/gdm/:0-slave.log.1
var/log/gdm/:0-slave.log.2
var/log/gdm/:0-slave.log.3
var/log/gdm/:0-slave.log.4
var/log/gdm/:0.log
var/log/gdm/:0.log.1
var/log/gdm/:0.log.2
var/log/gdm/:0.log.3
var/log/gdm/:0.log.4
var/log/installer/
var/log/installer/casper.log
var/log/installer/debug
var/log/installer/initial-status.gz
var/log/installer/media-info
var/log/installer/partman
var/log/installer/syslog
var/log/installer/version
var/log/news/
var/log/news/news.crit
var/log/news/news.err
var/log/news/news.notice
var/log/samba/
var/log/speech-dispatcher/
var/log/unattended-upgrades/
var/mail/
var/opt/
var/run/
var/run/NetworkManager.pid
var/run/acpid.pid
var/run/acpid.socket
var/run/atd.pid
var/run/console-kit-daemon.pid
var/run/crond.pid
var/run/crond.reboot
var/run/gdm.pid
var/run/network-interface-security
var/run/pppd2.tdb
var/run/rsyslogd.pid
var/run/synaptic.socket
var/run/upstart-udev-bridge.pid
var/run/utmp
var/run/ConsoleKit/
var/run/ConsoleKit/database
var/run/avahi-daemon/
var/run/avahi-daemon/pid
var/run/avahi-daemon/socket
var/run/console/
var/run/console/saker
var/run/cups/
var/run/cups/cups.sock
var/run/cups/cupsd.pid
var/run/cups/printcap
var/run/cups/certs/
var/run/cups/certs/0
var/run/dbus/
var/run/dbus/pid
var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket
var/run/gdm/
var/run/gdm/firstserver.stamp
var/run/gdm/auth-for-gdm-OOXrza/
var/run/gdm/auth-for-gdm-OOXrza/database
var/run/gdm/auth-for-saker-Fa84dC/
var/run/gdm/auth-for-saker-Fa84dC/database
var/run/network/
var/run/network/ifstate
var/run/pm-utils/
var/run/pm-utils/locks/
var/run/pm-utils/pm-powersave/
var/run/pm-utils/pm-powersave/storage/
var/run/pppconfig/
var/run/screen/
var/run/sendsigs.omit.d/
var/run/sudo/
var/run/sudo/saker/
var/run/sudo/saker/unknown
var/spool/
var/spool/mail -> ../mail
var/spool/anacron/
var/spool/anacron/cron.daily
var/spool/anacron/cron.monthly
var/spool/anacron/cron.weekly
var/spool/cron/
var/spool/cron/atjobs/
var/spool/cron/atjobs/.SEQ
var/spool/cron/atspool/
var/spool/cron/crontabs/
var/spool/cups/
var/spool/cups/tmp/
var/spool/cups/tmp/.hplip/
var/spool/cups/tmp/.hplip/hplip.conf
var/spool/libreoffice/
var/spool/libreoffice/uno_packages/
var/spool/libreoffice/uno_packages/cache/
var/spool/plymouth/
var/tmp/

sent 8524755020 bytes received 2328270 bytes 32117074.54 bytes/sec
total size is 65486544611 speedup is 7.68

Making system dirs ...
/tmp/UCloner-target/proc has been made.
/tmp/UCloner-target/sys has been made.
/tmp/UCloner-target/tmp has been made.
/tmp/UCloner-target/mnt has been made.
/tmp/UCloner-target/media has been made.
/tmp/UCloner-target/media/cdrom0 has been made.
"chmod 1777 /tmp/UCloner-target/tmp" done.
functions.make_system_dirs() done.

Generating fstab ...
functions.generate_fstab() done.
functions.fix_resume() done.

Instaling grub2 ...
Installing grub2 to /dev/sda ...
Installation finished. No error reported.
Generating grub.cfg ...
Generating grub.cfg ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-30-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-30-generic
Found memtest86+ image: /memtest86+.bin
ls: cannot access /casper-rw-backing: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access /casper-rw-backing: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access /casper-rw-backing: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access /casper-rw-backing: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access /casper-rw-backing: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access /casper-rw-backing: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access /media/移动硬盘: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access /media/移动硬盘: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access /media/移动硬盘: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access /media/移动硬盘: No such file or directory
done
Grub2 installed successfully.
Grub2 han been set up successfully.

System has been restored. 4 minutes and 59 seconds elapsed.

ghost 

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