Debian系统配置Tomcat和Apache服务器集群详细过程

操作系统：Debian6.0 (192.168.225.129 虚拟机1台)

软件版本：Apache-2.2.16, Tomcat-6.0.35

1.安装软件

>apt-get install update

*安装Apache

>apt-get install apache2

*安装Tomcat

>wget http://apache.etoak.com/tomcat/tomcat-6/v6.0.35/bin/apache-tomcat-6.0.35.tar.gz

>tar zxvf apache-tomcat-6.0.35.tar.gz

>mv apache-tomcat-6.0.35 /user/local/tomcat

>cp /usr/local/tomcat  /usr/local/tomcat2

*安装mod_jk

>apt-get install libapache2-mod-jk

2.配置2个Tomcat

现在/usr/local目录中已经有2个tomcat目录了，需要更改tomcat2的端口，防止端口冲突。

>nano /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml

有3处的默认端口需要更改：

1.<Server port="8004" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> 我更改为8003

2.<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" 

connectionTimeout="20000" 

redirectPort="8443" />

更改为7080

3.<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />

更改为7009，其中redirectPort 8443不需要更改

o.另外还需要在<Engine>配置中加入<Clustber>配置

<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"  

channelSendOptions="8">   

<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager" expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"    

notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>      

<Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">     

<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"    

address="228.0.0.4"    

port="45564"    

frequency="500"    

dropTime="3000"/>     

<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"    

address="auto"    

port="4001"    

selectorTimeout="5000"    

maxThreads="6"/>     

<!-- timeout="60000"-->     

<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">     

<Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>     

</Sender>     

<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>     

<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>     

<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor"/>     

</Channel>    

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve" filter=""/>     

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>      

<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"    

tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"    

deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"    

watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"    

watchEnabled="false"/>    

<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>     

<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>       

</Cluster>  

<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"

channelSendOptions="8">

<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager" expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"

notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>

<Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">

<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"

address="228.0.0.4"

port="45564"

frequency="500"

dropTime="3000"/>

<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"

address="auto"

port="4001"

selectorTimeout="5000"

maxThreads="6"/>

<!-- timeout="60000"-->

<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">

<Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>

</Sender>

<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>

<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>

<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor"/>

</Channel>

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve" filter=""/>

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>

<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"

tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"

deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"

watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"

watchEnabled="false"/>

<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>

<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>

</Cluster>

    x.最后2个tomcat都需要改变<Engine的 jvmRoute属性分别为tomcat1和tomcat2，以对应之后worker.properties中的名字。

3.配置Apache以jk方式和tomcat集群

安装完成后apache的主目录为/etc/apache2,安装完mod-jk之后，mods-enabled里面会多一个jk.load

创建文件   /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/jk.conf

>nano /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/jk.conf

JkWorkersFile /etc/apache2/workers.properties

JkShmFile     /var/log/apache2/mod_jk.shm

JkLogFile     /var/log/apache2/mod_jk.log

JkLogLevel    info

创建文件  /etc/apache2/workers.properties

>nano /etc/apache2/workers.properties

worker.list=controller1

worker.tomcat1.port=8009

worker.tomcat1.host=localhost

worker.tomcat1.type=ajp13

worker.tomcat1.lbfactor=1

worker.tomcat2.port=7009

worker.tomcat2.host=localhost

worker.tomcat2.type=ajp13

worker.tomcat2.lbfactor=1

worker.controller1.type=lb

worker.controller1.sticky_session=1   #可选项0,1

worker.controller1.balance_workers=tomcat1,tomcat2

更改/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default文件

在</VirtualHost>之前添加

JkMount /* controller1

(controller1对应workers.properties中的名字)

配置完成之后先后启动tomcat和apache。

测试：

2个tomcat部署相同的应用：即首页index.jsp显示各自tomcat名称tomcat1和tomcat2

通过80端口访问应用，刷新几次，tomcat1和tomcat2轮流显示。

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